Collection #2 Heather Repetski

This is a picture of a black bear crossing route 321 in Tennessee! I know it was amazing!! this bear is considered an endotherm. meaning warm blooded animal and all mammals are warm blooded. Warm blooded animals like ourselves regulate our own body temperature. When its hot we cool ourselves down, when its cold we use our energy to wrm ourselves up.

These roots you see growing above ground are a great example of an adaptation of a plant. This tree is actually located right next to this waterfall in Tennessee. making the soil it grows in constantly moist and soggy. This treee has adapted to its envrionment and its roots now grow very close to the surface where the soil is dryer and more sturdy.

The Blue starfish near the center of the picture is an echinoderm. This id a creature that lives on the sea bottom or near the abyssal zone. Starfish have tube feet, for movement, protection as well as obtaining food which they eat with their small jaws. teir mouth is also part of there water-vascular system.

This is poison ivy growing up a tree. the leaves of plants have a waxy coating on their leaves to lock in moisture. This is called the cuticle layer of the plant.

This eastern newt is a deuterostome. This means "mouth second" unlike a protostome when the call of the animal is growing it forms the anus then the mouth. In other words the mouth comes second. Most animals with spines are formed this way.

This is a fern. which can be categorized under, pteridophyte. A pteridophyte i s plant that does not produce flowers or seeds but reproduces through spores.

This daddy long leg has an exoskeleton which is almost like a skeleton thats is on the outside of the body. In other animals that have exoskeltons like crabs will molt their skin and replace it with a softer shell that will over time harden.

These 2 pictures are both examples of lepidopteras. They are both scaly winged insects, and have 2 pairs of symetrical wings.
Both moths also have a coiled probiscus from which they suck nectar and food through. (Top-Luna Moth and Bottom-Tuliptree Silkmoth

This is an insect. It has 3 pairs of legs, is segmented into a head, thorax, and abdomen, and has 2 pairs of wings. It belongs to the small anthropod family. I did some research trying to figure out what kind of insect this is, and did not have much luck

This is a cnidarian. It is a simple organism, It has an outer covering called an epidermis, and a inner gastrodermis. Its tentacles and main body have mucus-secreting pores, that give the animal a protective slimy layer.

p.s. I do realize some of this pictures do not have my fingernail in them. I just got back from vacation in TN for a week and we took a trip to the aquarium as well as went hiking up mountains to visit the local waterfalls. Everytime I saw something I thought could be useful for my project i snapped a picture. Unfortunately Heather was a little excited and forgot her nail in the picture but i do have witnesses as well as all of these pictures on my camera if you would like to see them.

Last Pictures

A woody stem is one that grows in a rigid wood-like consistency. While trees are famous for this, over shrub plants such as blackberry bushes also have woody stems. This is a blackberry plant.

Herbaceous stems are ones that remain green, limber, and non-woody. Many plants follow under this category including waxy plants such as cacti, allow, and other such plants. Of course normal plants also fall under this category, like this onion plant.

When people think of symmetry they usually think of splitting something in half and getting an even shape on each side. Radial symmetry, on the other hand, is when you have an object that looks the same depending on however much you rotate it. If it weren't for the tears, then this toadstool (or is it a mushroom?) would have perfect radial symmetry, meaning that no matter how far or to what degree it is turned it will still have the same shape.

Pollinators, like this butterfly (It's in the center on the flower), are important for the reproduction of angiosperms. These creatures have developed ways of drinking the nectar the plant hold to lure it so that they accidentally pick up its pollen to take it to the next one.

This tick is a parasite: a creature who uses another creature for its own gain while harming the other creature, but not directly killing it. Numerous parasites will steal nutrients from its host, such as water, blood, or other parts. Many examples of parasites are Ticks, mosquitoes, tapeworms, and leeches.

Insects, a type of arthropod, have numerous common themes that separate them from other arthropods. first they have three pairs of legs, unlike arachnids who have eight. They also have three different body parts: The head, thorax (chest-like part), and the abdomen (the butt-like part). This ant is an insect and shows all these traits.

Cellulose is a form of sugar that plants produce to create their cell walls. It is the reason why plants are crunchy and the main building-block in tree bark. In order for organisms to be able to break down cellulose they usually need a special enzyme or bacteria in their stomachs to break it down into simpler sugars.All plants are autotrophs, meaning they all produce their own energy by absorbing it from the sun. I chose this picture of a tree because it looks like its reaching to the sun for more light.

Arthropods, translated from Greek meaning "joint foot", are any creature that has an exoskeleton and numerous joints upon their legs and such. The different categories of Arthropod are Insect, mentioned above, Arachnids, having four pairs of limbs, Crustaceans, aquatic Arhtropods like crabs and lobsters, and Bugs, such as millipedes and centipedes. The creature in the picture is a spider, which is an arachnid.

Kaitlyn's 10 collected items.

Cnidarians have a diplobastic, radially symmetrical body that includes a gastrovascular cavity with a single opening that serves as both mouth and anus. Cnidarians include corals, hydras, and jellyfish, like this one that I found next to our dock.

Arthropods have segmented bodies, hard exoskeletons and jointed appendages including, their pincers, mouthparts, legs, backfins, and antennae. Crabs and lobsters are good examples of an arthropod.

An ectotherm is an organism that gains most of their heat from external sources, such as sitting in the sun or in the shade, like this snake I found by a pile of wood.
An exoskeleton is a hard case deposited on an animal's surface, with each growth spurt an arthropod, like this cicada, must shed its old exoskeleton and begin to develop a new one.

This slug is an example of a gastropod. Many gastropods have a shell that the animal can retreat into when threatened, they move by using a rippling motion, often leaving a trail of slime behind them. They also usually have a distinct head with eyes at the tips of tentacles, like this slug I found inside of our canoe.

An insect is segmented into three regions; head, thorax and abdomen, like this grasshopper I found on the side of our house.
Lichens grow on the surfaces of rocks, rotting logs, trees, and roofs in various forms. I found this leaflike lichen on a tree outside of our house.
An autotroph is an organism that uses energy from the oxidation of inorganic substances or the sun, like this baby spruce tree, to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
A female pine cone contains microscopic female gametophytes inside an ovulate cone.
A tomato is an example of a fleshy fruit with seeds, some other examples of fleshy fruits with seeds are grapefruits, nectarines and plums.

Summer Scavenger Hunt Part 2 (I just added it to part one, so part one is under this)

ENDOTHERM: Well these are the two bunny rabbits from Kelsey Kowalski's backyard. We went there after camp and I thought it would be the perfect time to do my AP Bio! Well these bunnies are examples of endothermic animals. An endotherm is a warm-blooded animal that can generate its own heat to maintain its body temperature. The bunnies were cute, but the top one bites! Oh, and that's Bria in the picture. :)

















EXOTHERM: This is the pond in Kelsey's backyard. In the second picture, you can see Dara, attempting to find and torture the froggies...... just kidding, just find them haha. Frogs are examples of exothermic animals. Exotherms are cold-blooded animals and they get their heat from their environment.















ANIMAL THAT HAS A SEGMENTED BODY: In this picture lies a crippled grasshopper because it wouldn't stay still long enough for me to take the picture. Well this grasshopper has a segmented body. It is segmented into a head, thorax, and abdomen.


FRUIT-FLESHY WITH SEED: This is a picture of my crab apple tree that is on the side of my driveway. The second picture is when I smashed it with a cup. When I smashed it, there was some leakage and you can see two little seeds that were inside. Another example of a fruit that is fleshy and has seeds is a tomato.

STIGMA & STYLE OF CARPEL: Well the first picture is of the flower that I took in Mapleton and the second one is when I cropped it and labeled it. The stigma is the receptacle for pollen. The style is the stalk that connects

the stigma with the ovary. The carpel is made up of the female reproductive organs.















GYMNOSPERM CONE: Gymnosperms are seed-bearing vascular plants that are cone shaped. I saw this tree on Mansfield Rd East when I was walking to Mapleton. Male cones are usually small while the female cones are bigger. This is because the males just need to produce the pollen while the females have to produce the seeds.

XYLEM: This plant has a really long stem. Part of this stem is the xylem. The xylem is responsible for transporting water and soluble mineral nutrients from the roots throughout the plant.
























INSECT: This is my insect. It's a cicada!. Well, I was too afraid to take a picture of it even though it was dead, so I took a picture of Kelsey taking a picture of it. Cicadas are the things that make that really annoying sound. It is used as a mating call by the males and sometimes attracts both females and males. Cicadas are insects belonging to the family Cicadidae.

POLLINATOR: That little bee there is a pollinator. A pollinator is an insect that carries pollen from one flower to another. The relationship between the insect and flower is a mutual relationship, meaning both sides benefit. Sorry that my camera pretty much is horrible. I did not want to get any closer to it either.








KERATIN: As you can see, this is my hair, skin, and nails. Keratin is the key structural material that makes up the outer layer of human skin. It also is a key component in the structure of hair and nails. Arthropods sometimes have their exoskeleton made partly of keratin.








PART 1


















COMMENSALISM: These two pictures were taken from the inside of my basement because I could not get a good picture from the outside. These pictures represent commensalism. Commensalism is a relationship between two organisms in which one of them benefit and the other does not benefit or suffer. This is a good example of this because the spiders make the webs on the plants so that they can have a home. It does nothing for the plant though. The plant is unaffected in this relationship.



CONIFER LEAF: As I was walking around my development, I came across this plant. I had to walk through some random person's lawn to get to it. Well this is a conifer leaf. Conifers are trees with needles or scalelike leaves and cones as opposed to broad, flat leaves. Conifers are classified as gymnosperms or plants with naked seeds not enclosed in an ovary.




ARTHROPOD: Here, stuck on my mouse trap, is an arthropod. An arthropod is an animal with a segmented body, exoskeleton and jointed appendages. Spiders are arthropods called arachnids. Arthropods include insects, spiders, millipedes, and crabs.






AUTOTROPH: This plant is an autotroph. An autotroph is any living organism that synthesizes organic substances from inorganic molecules by using light or chemical energy. The plant uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars. This is called photosynthesis. Autotrophs are the primary producers in all food chains.







AMYLASE: Amylase is an enzyme that breaks starch down into sugar. Amylase is present in our saliva, where it begins the chemical process of digestion. Foods that contain much starch but little sugar, such as rice and potato, taste slightly sweet as they are chewed because amylase turns some of their starch into sugar in your mouth which is interesting.






EPITHELIAL TISSUE: This is sheets of tightly packed calls that line organs and body cavities as well as external surfaces. The skin and the linings of the various passages inside the body are made of epithelial tissue. It provides a covering for deeper body layers.








MUTUALISM: This is an example of mutualism. Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit. The bee and the flower are both benefiting in this picture. That is because the flower is getting its pollen passed from one individual to another. The bee benefits by getting the nectar or pollen. The nectar or pollen are a solid food source.






THORN OF A PLANT: When I saw this, I had to use this as one of my items. These thorns are crazy and they just look painful. A thorn is a branch of a plant that becomes woody, hard and pointed. I would think that the point of thorns is for protection of the plant.








POLLEN: It is kind of cool how you can see my reflection in my phone. ;) Anyway, this is pollen. Pollen is the fine spores that contain male gametes and that are born by an anther in a flowering plant. Pollen is transported by pollinators such as bees or moths.























DECIDUOUS LEAF: This is a deciduous tree/leaf. Being deciduous means that the leaves fall off at maturity and in plants, it is the result of natural processes. It could also mean that the leaves fall off or dry out during a certain season. Well during the winter, these leaves will fall off and grow back later. The leaves will also turn brown.